Chef Bilal Jamal Love United State of America

Celebrity Chef Bilal jamal Eddine was born in Lebanon Beirut, he has been around the world with his impeccable enthusiasm in the food and hospitality industry with over 19 years of experience,he has a wide knowledge in understanding different palates, he graduated in 1991 from one of the world's most prestigious hotel and management institute before embarking on his journey to discover and explore. Countries like South Africa, Kazakhstan , Bulgaria, Romania, Dubai and Nigeria has been privilege to have him either work, live and serve them fine cuisine. Chef Bilal likes the challenges and discoveries that comes with this industry, which has enable him to set up various businesses across the globe, he was recently featured in the 2013 Africa Forbes Life as one of the most successful celebrity chef in corporate aviation in Nigeria, he also runs a restaurant service and has secure a license in other for him to be able to operate a commercial, international and private jet in-flight catering services. Apart from his growing restaurant business,19 years working across the world as a fine dining chef and business Partner. I have launched restaurants, bars, worked on private Jet in NIgeria Lagos , and Director & Executive Chef company which the contract as the main events caterer for the world wide in business jet in lagos My constant belief in an idea have created a globally unique system of cooking, packaging and delivering high end food on board an aircraft. The next stage is to role this out around the globe Chef plays a vital role in preparing variety delicious dishes, soups, salads, snacks, side dishes, and deserts with quality and health embedded in dishes at hotels, restaurants and food service organizations. There are various roles and responsibilities assigned to food service staffs. Among this chefs and cooks take the responsibility of making variety dishes assisted by workers to cut vegetables, fruits and to keep the environment clean. Chefs also take the responsibility of maintaining inventory and there by takes the task of ordering food materials and equipments needed for cooking namely pans, cutlery, ovens, broilers, and grinders. Head chefs take the task of controlling and monitoring the chefs and workers in food department to maintain quality and discipline in food preparation. Whatever may be the roles and responsibilities the primary aim of chef is to prepare and present dish which are appealing and also nutritious for customers. A good chef must possess attributes namely good sense of taste and smell for food, creative to bring out new dishes, efficient management skills to keep work organized, and good communication skills.,,A highly talented Chef with huge experience in overseeing food production for all food outlets and banquet functions; developing menus, food purchase specifications, and recipes; directly supervising all production while maintaining highest professional food quality and sanitation standards linked in http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=108012091&trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile GOOGLE ABOUT CHEF BILAL https://www.google.com.ng/#newwindow=1&q=chef+bilal+jamal+eddine&safe=active https://www.google.com.ng/#newwindow=1&q=chef+bilal+jamal+eddine+blog&safe=active YOUTUBE ABOUT CHEF BILAL http://www.youtube.com/user/bilaljamal1/videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSk667q0yUo&feature=c4-overview&list=UUuzoJvlMK3xJV8vofnMZ1DQ PRIVATE-JETS ABOUT CHEF BILAL http://www.aircraftinteriorsinternational.com/news.php?NewsID=40538 http://www.eglobaltravelmedia.com.au/ean-launches-wings-in-flight-the-only-dedicated-executive-in-flight-catering-service-at-lagos-murtala-mohammed-international-airport/ http://www.businessjetinteriorsinternational.com/news.php?NewsID=40786 http://www.blueskynews.aero/issue_182/EAN_launches_Wings-in-Flight.htm Facebook about chef bilal https://www.facebook.com/bilal.jamaleddine1 TWITTER ABOUT CHEF BILAL https://twitter.com/ChefBilalJamal Google + https://plus.google.com/u/0/b/117816347967142645192/117816347967142645192/posts http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=108012091&trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Language[edit source | editbeta] Main article: Languages of the United States Although the United States has no official language at the federal level, 28 states have passed legislation making English the official language and it is considered to be the de facto national language. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, more than 97% of Americans can speak English well, and for 81% it is the only language spoken at home. More than 300 languages besides English have native speakers in the United States—some of which are spoken by the indigenous peoples (about 150 living languages) and others imported by immigrants. Spanish has official status in the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the state of New Mexico; Spanish is the primary spoken language in Puerto Rico and various smaller linguistic enclaves.[12] According to the 2000 census, there are nearly 30 million native speakers of Spanish in the United States. Bilingual speakers may use both English and Spanish reasonably well but code-switch according to their dialog partner or context. Some refer to this phenomenon as Spanglish. Indigenous languages of the United States include the Native American languages, which are spoken on the country’s numerous Indian reservations and Native American cultural events such as pow wows; Hawaiian, which has official status in the state of Hawaii; Chamorro, which has official status in the commonwealths of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands; Carolinian, which has official status in the commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands; and Samoan, which has official status in the commonwealth of American Samoa. American Sign Language, used mainly by the deaf, is also native to the country. The national dialect is known as American English, which itself consists of numerous regional dialects but has some shared unifying features that distinguish it from other national varieties of English. There are four large dialect regions in the United States—the North, the Midland, the South, and the West—and several smaller dialect regions such as those of New York City and Boston. A standard dialect called "General American" (analogous in some respects to the received pronunciation elsewhere in the English-speaking world), lacking the distinctive noticeable features of any particular region, is believed by some to exist as well; it is sometimes regionally associated with the vaguely-defined "Midwest".

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Regional variations[edit source | editbeta] Semi-distinct cultural regions of the United States include New England, the Mid-Atlantic states, the Southern United States, the Midwestern United States and the Western United States—an area that can be further subdivided, on the basis of the local culture into the Pacific States and the Mountain States. The western coast of the continental United States consisting of California, Oregon, and the state of Washington is also sometimes referred to as the Left Coast, indicating its left-leaning political orientation and tendency towards social liberalism. Southern United States are informally called "the Bible Belt" due to socially conservative evangelical Protestantism, which is a significant part of the region's culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher there than the nation's average. This region is usually contrasted with the mainline Protestantism and Catholicism of the northeastern United States, the religiously diverse Midwest and Great Lakes, the Mormon Corridor in Utah and southern Idaho, and the relatively secular western United States. The percentage of non-religious people is the highest in the northeastern state of Vermont at 34%, compared to the Bible Belt state of Alabama, where it is 6%.[8] Strong cultural differences have a long history in the U.S. with the southern slave society in the antebellum period serving as a prime example. Not only social, but also economic tensions between the Northern and Southern states were so severe that they eventually caused the South to declare itself an independent nation, the Confederate States of America; thus initiating the American Civil War.[9]

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

What Happened at the Boston Tea Party? admin Mar 13th, 2012 0 Comment The Boston Tea Party is a widely known and pivotal point leading to the War of Independence between American colonies and the British empire. Since the migration to America, enterprising colonists enjoyed a certain amount of sovereignty in their business affairs. However, the ever-expanding colonies encountered resistance from Native Americans. The natives, encouraged by the French, caused trouble for the newly established Americans. Colonists asked the British for military assistance and the resulting war, the French and Indian Wars, was an expensive decade-long struggle on American soil. The Crown decided colonists should bear some of the economic burdenegal action leading directly to the Boston Tea Party involved increased taxes and trade tariffs. Entrepreneurs in America thought the taxes were unfair and began to protest. The British monarchy, trying to protect its own interests in trade, raised taxes on certain items the British empire provided and set in motion events leading to the Boston Tea Party. Tea from the East India Trading Company, a major British interest, was suffering the competition of bustling piracy. The Tea Act of 1773 was designed to bring more profit to the Empire by eliminating corrupt merchant positions in the colonies. The loss of revenue angered Americans and made them feel that the British monarchy was taking too much control. American colonists boycotted the British tea, but the Empire didn’t approve. Three ships of tea waited in the harbor until the colonists paid. Opposition grew and the idea for the Boston Tea Party was born. Merchants and protesters who called themselves the Sons of Liberty planned to act against the Crown. In a unified act of vandalism, the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Native Americans and boarded the three ships and dumped mass quantities of tea into the harbor. The Boston Tea Party was an act of revolt that led to more resistance. Participants in Boston Tea Party included the lawyer Samuel Adams. The British Crown wasn’t impressed and charged the colonists for the damaged tea. Freedom fighters used the Boston Tea Party and increased tyranny to advocate the War of Independence

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Impact of U.S. Colonial Era Still Felt Today admin Oct 24th, 2012 0 Comment The colonial era in the United States refers to the nearly 150 years of exploration and colonization undertaken by European powers in North America, that began in the early 1600s and concluded as the original 13 colonies began their quest for independence from Great Britain in the 1760s. The primary European countries playing a role in creating settlements along the eastern seaboard. Europeans fledgling were leaving the ports of Great Britain, France, the Netherlands and Spain. Settlers from other countries such as Germany, Sweden, Finland and Norway also found their way to the New World to develop new communities that were instrumental in helping found of the United States. The colonial period in North America first saw hundreds and then thousands of European citizens leave their homes to establish new communities that still had strong ties to their mother countries. Colonial settlers came to the new land that would eventually become the United States for many different reasons. Some of the colonial settlers primarily came to make money from the trade of natural resources available in the New World such as tobacco, furs, and rice and indigo. Others escaped to the colonies due to religious persecution. The colonial period saw an increase in the population of European settlers from under 5,000 in 1630 to well over 1.5 million in 1760, according to estimates

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

From a 1901 engine blueprint, to the first production machine in 1903, and on to the latest, 122 horsepower, V-Rod Muscle, Harley Davidson have been building iconic motorcycles for over a century. From inauspicious beginnings in a 10 x 15-foot wooden shed with “Harley Davidson Motor Company” scrawled crudely across the door, the company have continued to defined the motorcycle’s visceral appeal. The engine is the beating heart of every motorcycle and Harley Davidson have been responsible for some enduring designs. The first V-Twin engines were introduced in 1909, with the “F-head” following in 1911, the latter remaining a Harley Davidson workhorse until 1929 when the 45 cubic inch V-Twin was introduced, remaining in service in various guises until 1973. During both World Wars, Harley Davidson supplied increasing numbers of motorcycles to the US military. In 1918, almost half of all motorcycles produced by the company were sold for military use and production of civilian motorcycles ceased almost entirely during World War Two. During both conflicts, the Quartermasters’ School familiarised army mechanics with the specifics of the Harley Davidson repair manuals. By November 1945, production of Harley Davidsons for the civilian market had resumed and, by the early 1950′s, the side-valved K model (which would later evolve into the Sportster) had been introduced, partly as a response to smaller, more agile British motorcycles. Harley Davidson motorcycles also have an illustrious sporting pedigree, recording many Daytona 200 and National Championship victories. In 1970, Cal Rayborn set the land speed record for a motorcycle at Bonneville, averaging over 265mph on a streamlined, Sportster-engined machine. The evolution of Harley Davidson motorcycles continues but preserves the marque’s genetic heritage. The XL Forty-Eight is an example of this evolution, combining modern mechanical integrity with a design evoking the rawness of early custom Sportsters, while the race-inspired V-Rod, a modern performance machine introduced in 2001, combines fuel injection, overhead cams and liquid cooling with styling that is unmistakeably Harley Davidson. To prove the company’s legacy, in 2003, 250,000 bikers congregated in Milwaukee for the company’s centennial celebrations, just one more milestone in a remarkable history

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

The culture of the United States is primarily Western, but is influenced by Native American, African, Asian, Polynesian, and Latin American cultures. A strand of what may be described as American culture started its formation over 10,000 years ago with the migration of Paleo-Indians from Asia, as well as from Oceania and Europe, into the region that is today the continental United States. The United States of America has its own unique social and cultural characteristics such as dialect, music, arts, social habits, cuisine, and folklore. The United States of America is an ethnically and racially diverse country as a result of large-scale migration from many ethnically and racially different countries throughout its history as well as differing birth and death rates among natives, settlers, and immigrants.[1] Its chief early European influences came from English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish settlers of colonial America during British rule. British culture, due to colonial ties with Britain that spread the English language, legal system and other cultural inheritances, had a formative influence. Other important influences came from other parts of Europe, especially Germany,[2] France, and Italy.[citation needed] Original elements also play a strong role, such as Jeffersonian democracy.[3] Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia was perhaps the first influential domestic cultural critique by an American and a reactionary piece to the prevailing European consensus that America's domestic originality was degenerate.[3] Prevalent ideas and ideals that evolved domestically, such as national holidays, uniquely American sports, military tradition, and innovations in the arts and entertainment give a strong sense of national pride among the population as a whole.[citation needed] American culture includes both conservative and liberal elements, scientific and religious competitiveness, political structures, risk taking and free expression, materialist and moral elements. Despite certain consistent ideological principles (e.g. individualism, egalitarianism, and faith in freedom and democracy), American culture has a variety of expressions due to its geographical scale and demographic diversity. The flexibility of U.S. culture and its highly symbolic nature lead some researchers to categorize American culture as a mythic identity;[4] others see it as American exceptionalism .[citation needed] It also includes elements that evolved from Indigenous Americans, and other ethnic cultures—most prominently the culture of African Americans, cultures from Latin America, and Asian American cultures. Many American cultural elements, especially from popular culture, have spread across the globe through modern mass media.

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

From the end of the Civil War to present, the history of the United States, U.S., has been filled with events that have shaped it. Three major classifications of events from the Civil War to present have left indelible marks on the U.S. On horseback and covered wagon, the U. S. would continue its Manifest Destiny and bring the West into its folds. While land was being gained, groups of the disenfranchised begin their treks to secure civil rights. The third classification from the Civil War to present has been warsAmericans for lands of the West. From 1869 to 1876, the U. S. Calvary would engage in 200 skirmishes with various Native American tribes, including the Apache, Sioux, Cherokee and Comanche. Although General Custer experienced defeat at Little Big Horn in 1876, the feared Apache chief, Geronimo, was captured in 1886. Native Americans became one of U.S.’s disenfranchised groups. From Civil War to present day, disenfranchised groups have fought for civil rights. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton played major roles in securing rights for women including the right to vote and the right to own property and make contracts. Although, black males gained the right to vote after the Civil War, the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896, sanctioned segregation and condoned Jim Crow laws. In 1954, the Supreme Court ended segregation in its ruling on Brown v. Board of Education. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s nonviolent call to action in the 1960s continued the long haul to achieving Civil Rights for African Americans. Five tribes of American Indians received citizenship in 1901. All Native Americans received citizenship in 1924. War with American Indians is only one of the wars the U.S. engaged in from the Civil War to present. A war with Spain in 1898 lasted three months and brought Puerto Rico under U.S. control. The Viet Nam War which lasted 10 years, 1963 to 1973, spawned the Hippie movement calling for peace. World War 1, 1914 to 1919, took Americans from home to fight on foreign soil. In 1941, Americans joined World War 11, 1938 to 1945, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Since the attack on the World Trade Center in 2001, the U. S. has been engaged in a war against terrorism centered in Iraq and Afghanistan

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

The Battle of Gettysburg admin Oct 19th, 2012 0 Comment The Battle of Gettysburg, fought in Pennsylvania, was one of the biggest events in American history. It was one of the bloodiest battles where thousands of men were left either dead or wounded. This battle is so important today because it was a turning point for the United States in the civil war. General Gordon Meade led the Potomac soldiers who defeated General Robert Lee’s North Virginian army. The battle had a political significance as well. The Union gained control of the confederates because they were able to defeat them. The Union was also able to lead General Lee’s army. Why was this important to the United States? The winner in the Battle of Gettysburg gained the power to rule the United States. The Battle of Gettysburg was important in that president Abraham Lincoln talked about it in his Gettysburg Address. In his speech, held at the Gettysburg National Cemetery, he explained how the Battle of Gettysburg gave a new meaning to the way a war should be undertaken. The Battle of Gettysburg lasted three days. It began July 1, 1863, and ended on July 3, 1863. There were 93,921 soldiers on the Union side and about 72,000 on the side of the Confederates. Casualties were devastating during the Battle of Gettysburg. The Confederates lost the lives of 23,231 men, and the Union lost 23,051 men. The toughest day of the battle was on the last day when about 12,000 Confederate soldiers took on battle with the Union soldiers at the cemetery. The Union had a significant amount of artillery and attacked strong. Consequently, the Confederates had lost so many soldiers that they had to give up and retreat. The death of soldiers reached a rate of 51,000. All the soldiers who died during the battle were buried in the Soldier’s National Cemetery, which is now called the Gettysburg National Cemetery

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Primary Documents in American History United States Constitution The members of the Constitutional Convention signed the United States Constitution on September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Constitutional Convention convened in response to dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation and the need for a strong centralized government. After four months of secret debate and many compromises, the proposed Constitution was submitted to the states for approval. Although the vote was close in some states, the Constitution was eventually ratified and the new Federal government came into existence in 1789. The Constitution established the U.S. government as it exists today.

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Harlem Renaissance admin Oct 17th, 2013 0 Comment The Harlem Renaissance flourished between the two world wars, and was known as “the New Negro Movement”, after a 1925 anthology. Encompassing music, literature and art, it also encouraged cultural expression among Southern migrants in urban areas of the northern United States. Use an online art gallery to view any of the artists involved. Visual art of the Harlem Renaissance favoured stylised images. Painters included Palmer C. Hayden, Malvin Gray Johnson and Laura Wheeler Waring, but it was Aaron Douglas who best represented the “New Negro” philosophy. His four panel series, Aspects of Negro Life, traces the journey from freedom to enslavement, and from post-Civil War liberation to city life. Jacob Lawrence’s Migration also deals with migration from Africa, focusing in particular on the years in the southern American states. The first mainstream African American artist, he produced the series towards the end of the Harlem Renaissance period. Lois Mailou Jones from Boston, now buried on Martha’s Vineyard, was the only female African American artist from the Harlem Renaissance to find fame abroad. Working in oil and watercolours, she wanted her most important achievement to be “proof of the talent of black artists”. Harlem Renaissance sculptors like Richard Barthe, Sargent Claude Johnson, and Augusta Savage used such media as clay, wood and bronze. In 1934, Florida-born Augusta Savage was the first African American woman to be elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors also known as the National Association of Women Artists, and she continued to work for equal rights in the arts. Literature of the Harlem Renaissance also carried visual representations in the form of etchings and drawings by Albert Alexander Smith, and block prints from James Lesesne Wells. Painter Aaron Douglas designed book covers as well as illustrating the inside pages. Photographer James VanDerZee documented the lives of black New Yorkers, one of his most famous subjects being Marcus Garvey. His photographs recorded family life and individuals, situations and ceremonies; and street scenes like the 1924 demonstration of the immaculately uniformed Black Nurses of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Also a skilled musician, he experimented with techniques such as retouching, to bring an artistic interpretation to his pictures. In questioning the stereotypes of “the Negro”, the influence of the Harlem Renaissance spread as far as Paris, home to French-speaking black writers and artists from the colonies. Its ideas evolved to feed into the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, as an important part of U.S. history

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america

Ronald Reagan was the 40th President of the United States. Born in Illinois in 1911, he graduated from Eureka College before becoming a radio broadcaster in Iowa and then moving to Los Angeles in 1937 to pursue what became a successful acting career. Some of his most notable films include: Knute Rockne, All American; Kings Row; Bedtime for Bonzo. Ronald Reagan became the president of the Screen Actors Guild and a spokesman for GE. His stint with GE got him interested in politics. He had been a Democrat but changed his opinion on issues throughout the 50s before registering as a Republican in 1962. In 1964, Ronald Reagan gave a powerful speech in support of Republican Presidential candidate Barry Goldwater. His political acuity garnered a lot of attention and he was persuaded to run for Governor of California and won twice. He ran in the Republican Presidential primaries, losing twice before winning the nomination in 1980. He defeated incumbent Jimmy Carter in a landslide election. Ronald Reagan was known for his successful economic policies dubbed ‘Reaganomics‘ which promoted economic growth through reduced tax rates and slashed government spending. He even became the first President to survive an assassination attempt after John Hinckley, Jr. shot him. Ronald Reagan was a fierce anti-Communist and ordered an invasion of Grenada to defeat a bloody military coup. Ronald Reagan won reelection in another landslide in 1984 and dubbed his renewed era as ‘Morning in America‘. He took stances which precipitated the ending of the Cold War and made a famous speech at the Berlin Wall directed at USSR President Gorbachev telling him to ‘Tear down this wall’. He ordered a massive military buildup in the arms race with the USSR and called the country the ‘evil empire’. In 1986, the famous Iran-Contra scandal was revealed in which the US had traded arms with Iran in return for seven American hostages, and funnelled arms-sale proceeds to anti-Communist militants in Nicaragua. It was never clear how much Ronald Reagan knew when, and all of the convicted officials were pardoned by the next President. Ronald Reagan died in 2004 following a decade-long battle with Alzheimer’s. He remains one of the most popular American Presidents.

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america-D

Richard Nixon admin May 24th, 2013 0 Comment Richard Nixon endured the most public downfall of any president of the United States. His legacy will be forever tainted by the Watergate scandal. Unfortunately this means that the more positive aspects of his administration seem destined to be forgotten – it also means that his decades of service as a politician will be overshadowed. Richard Nixon was born in 1913 in Yorba Linda, California. Both of his parents were Quakers, and their financial situation could be described as on the breadline. Richard did well at school, and he ended up going to Duke University School of Law – he turned down a scholarship at Harvard due to family problems. Nixon had hoped to join the FBI after graduation but for some reason he ended up sitting for the bar in California. In 1942 he signed up to join the navy, so that he could serve his country in World War II.

Chef Bilal Jamal Eddine Love united state of america-c

John Adams John Adams was born in 1735 in Quincy, Massachusetts. After finishing his studies from Harvard in 1775, John Adams decided to study law, and in a few years, he was admitted to the bar. It was not until the discussions with regard to the Stamp Act, in the year of 1765, that he raised to political prominence as a very young but promising politician. Although he didn’t have any political aspiration at first, he become one of the greatest figures in the history of the United States of America in the 18th century. After moving to Boston in 1768, he became a member of the Congress, making him a very influential leader. One of the greatest archievements in his life was being a member of the commission with the very important task of writing the Declaration of Independence, one of the most crucial documents in the history of this young nation which was about to be born. After a few years in France, and later on, in the United Kingdom, where he published some works, John Adams returned to the United States. He was declared Vice President, serving as such between 1789 and 1797. As one of the leaders of the Federalist Party (one of the major political factions in the US at the end of the 18th century), John Adams run for the Presidency once George Washington decided he didn’t want to accept another nomination. The Federalist Party campaigned for Adams, while the Democratic-Republican Party campaigned for Thomas Jefferson. Once he defeated Jefferson by a margin of only three votes, John Adams became President, and Thomas Jefferson was selected as his Vice President. John Adams stood in office until 1801. While important legislation was approved under his presidency, he became deeply unpopular, making him not a very likely candidate for the next presidential election. Once the 1801 election came, Jefferson managed to defeat Adams by quite a large margin. The political climate and the division between the Federalist Party didn’t allow Adams to maintain his presidency four more years, forcing him to retire from active political life. Although John Adams didn’t run for Congress once he left office, his son, John Quincy Adams became President in just a few years. John Adams died in 1826, leaving behind him a great legacy, and having been able to make a reality one of his most ardent dreams: a free and democratic America.

chef bilal jamal eddine Love united state of america

James Madison The lifespan of James Madison (1751-1636) encompasses the genesis of the United States of America. James Madison was politically active in the push for American Independence, and the primary author of the U.S. Constitution. He then served as his country’s fourth president, successfully steering America through the War of 1812, before retiring from mainstream politics. Back home in Virginia, he devoted his remaining years to the twin causes of anti-slavery and higher education. James Madison was born and raised on the Montpelier plantation in Virginia, which he later inherited. His early life was influenced in turn by tutors, Donald Robertson and the Reverend Thomas Martin. Later, James Madison became a student at the College of New Jersey – now Princeton. An outstanding student, he studied philosophy, geography, Latin and Hebrew, graduating after just two years. At the start of his political career, James Madison served in the Virginia administration on three occasions between 1776 and 1800. He was then elected to the Council of State in Virginia (1778-79), before joining the Continental Congress (1780-83) and then serving a term as a US Representative from 1789 until 1797. Prompted by the Alien and Sedition Acts, he drafted his famous ‘Virginia Resolutions’ during 1798. The writing of the US Constitution in 1787, Madison’s crowning achievement, was largely completed at the Constitutional Convention. This document gave the United States a strong federal government. Having been Secretary of State from 1801, James Madison won the presidential nomination in 1808. Supported by Ex-President Jefferson, Madison was duly elected president. He then succeeded in winning a further term in 1812. The major crisis of James Madison’s presidency was the War of 1812. With the failure of his Non-Intercourse Act, and America thus caught up in rivalries between Great Britain and France, Madison persuaded Congress to declare war on the British who were harassing American shipping in a trade dispute. Though America was initially on the back foot and suffered setbacks such as the burning of Washington, fortunes then improved and the war was concluded in 1814 by the Treaty of Ghent, with America’s economic power enhanced as a result of this ‘Second War of Independence’. On his retirement from the presidency, James Madison returned to Montpelier in Virginia. Maintaining a profile in regional politics, he opposed state challenges to political union and adopted an anti-slavery stance, founding the American Colonisation Society which sought the resettlement of former slaves in Africa.

chef bilal jamal eddine Love united state of america - A

American Bronze Casting American bronze casting is an integral part of the story of great US art. In fact a fine bronze casting is often the state gift of choice from the US Government to world leaders. However, while the tradition of casting bronze into works of art has been part of the Asian, African and European cultures for centuries, American craftsmen didn’t develop the necessary skills for bronze casting until quite late in the day. Until the middle of the Nineteenth Century American sculptures were commonly made in marble, but by the end of the 1800s America had the foundries and craftsmen they needed for bronze casting, and work began to create grand public monuments and works for the home, including bonze sculptures. Some of the earliest examples of American bronzes came from Henry Kirke Brown. By the 1840s his small Brooklyn foundry was turning out fine works of art. His partnership with the Ames Manufacturing Company in Massachusetts, famous for producing military equipment, led to the creation of some important monuments. In fact Brown’s naturalistic style influenced many artists who followed him, like John Quincy Adams Ward. Other foundries and makers sprang up from those seeds planted by Brown, with Amoroux, John Williams, and Henry-Bonnard creating a hub of skilled foundrymen in New York. Many of the great bronzes in American art have taken a patriotic form, often depicting frontiersmen and heroes of the American West. The vivid works of Frederic Remington are wonderful examples of this.

chef bilal jamal eddine Love united state of america

United States United States Government Federal republic. The president is elected for a four-year term and may be reelected only once. The bicameral Congress consists of the 100-member Senate, elected to a six-year term with one-third of the seats becoming vacant every two years, and the 435-member House of Representatives, elected every two years. The minimum voting age is 18. Read more: United States: Maps, History, Geography, Government, Culture, Facts, Guide & Travel/Holidays/Cities | Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/country/united-states.html#ixzz2zafhGpBg